Presidential History

Historical Election Timeline

Move through every mapped U.S. presidential election from the founding era to the modern battleground map. Each timeline item links to an interactive Electoral College result.

60
Mapped Elections
270
Modern Win Line
1788
First Election
George Washington
Archive starting point
The Electoral College begins

The timeline starts with the first presidential election and follows each major shift in the map through 2024.

Major Turning Points

Key elections with lasting effects on the national map.

Browse all historical maps

Historical Eras

A quick guide to the major periods behind the timeline.

1788-1824

Founding Era

Early elections shaped the Electoral College, party formation, and contingent election rules.

1856-1876

Civil War Realignment

Sectional politics, Lincoln, Reconstruction, and the disputed 1876 result remade the map.

1932-1948

New Deal Coalition

Depression-era elections created one of the strongest national Democratic coalitions.

2000-2024

Modern Battlegrounds

Close Electoral College outcomes and polarized state coalitions define the current era.

Full Timeline

Newest elections appear first. Open any year for its map and full result.

2024
Donald Trump Kamala Harris
Donald Trump wins with 312 electoral votes
86 EV margin

Most recent completed presidential election in the archive.

Runner-up: Kamala Harris 226 EV

2020
Joe Biden Donald Trump
Joe Biden wins with 306 electoral votes
74 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 74.

Runner-up: Donald Trump 232 EV

2016
Donald Trump Hillary Clinton
Donald Trump wins with 306 electoral votes
74 EV margin

Electoral College winner differed from the national popular vote winner.

Runner-up: Hillary Clinton 232 EV

2012
Barack Obama Mitt Romney
Barack Obama wins with 332 electoral votes
126 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 126.

Runner-up: Mitt Romney 206 EV

2008
Barack Obama John McCain
Barack Obama wins with 365 electoral votes
192 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 192.

Runner-up: John McCain 173 EV

2004
George W. Bush John Kerry
George W. Bush wins with 286 electoral votes
34 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 34.

Runner-up: John Kerry 252 EV

2000
George W. Bush Al Gore
George W. Bush wins with 271 electoral votes
4 EV margin

Electoral College winner differed from the national popular vote winner.

Runner-up: Al Gore 267 EV

1996
Bill Clinton Bob Dole
Bill Clinton wins with 379 electoral votes
220 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 220.

Runner-up: Bob Dole 159 EV

1992
Bill Clinton George H.W Bush
Bill Clinton wins with 370 electoral votes
202 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 202.

Runner-up: George H.W Bush 168 EV

1988
George H.W Bush Michael Dukakis
George H.W Bush wins with 426 electoral votes
314 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 314.

Runner-up: Michael Dukakis 112 EV

1984
Ronald Reagan Walter Mondale
Ronald Reagan wins with 525 electoral votes
512 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 512.

Runner-up: Walter Mondale 13 EV

1980
Ronald Reagan Jimmy Carter
Ronald Reagan wins with 489 electoral votes
440 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 440.

Runner-up: Jimmy Carter 49 EV

1976
Jimmy Carter Gerald Ford
Jimmy Carter wins with 297 electoral votes
56 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 56.

Runner-up: Gerald Ford 241 EV

1972
Richard Nixon George McGovern
Richard Nixon wins with 521 electoral votes
504 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 504.

Runner-up: George McGovern 17 EV

1968
Richard Nixon Hubert Humphrey
Richard Nixon wins with 302 electoral votes
111 EV margin

Modern political geography shifted during a turbulent election year.

Runner-up: Hubert Humphrey 191 EV

1964
Lyndon B. Johnson Barry Goldwater
Lyndon B. Johnson wins with 486 electoral votes
434 EV margin

270 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 434.

Runner-up: Barry Goldwater 52 EV

1960
John F. Kennedy Richard Nixon
John F. Kennedy wins with 303 electoral votes
84 EV margin

269 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 84.

Runner-up: Richard Nixon 219 EV

1956
Dwight D. Eisenhower Adlai Stevenson II
Dwight D. Eisenhower wins with 457 electoral votes
383 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 383.

Runner-up: Adlai Stevenson II 74 EV

1952
Dwight D. Eisenhower Adlai Stevenson II
Dwight D. Eisenhower wins with 442 electoral votes
353 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 353.

Runner-up: Adlai Stevenson II 89 EV

1948
Harry Truman Thomas Dewey
Harry Truman wins with 303 electoral votes
114 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 114.

Runner-up: Thomas Dewey 189 EV

1944
Franklin D. Roosevelt Thomas Dewey
Franklin D. Roosevelt wins with 432 electoral votes
333 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 333.

Runner-up: Thomas Dewey 99 EV

1940
Franklin D. Roosevelt Wendell Willkie
Franklin D. Roosevelt wins with 449 electoral votes
367 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 367.

Runner-up: Wendell Willkie 82 EV

1936
Franklin D. Roosevelt Alf Landon
Franklin D. Roosevelt wins with 523 electoral votes
515 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 515.

Runner-up: Alf Landon 8 EV

1932
Franklin D. Roosevelt Herbert Hoover
Franklin D. Roosevelt wins with 472 electoral votes
413 EV margin

New Deal realignment election during the Great Depression.

Runner-up: Herbert Hoover 59 EV

1928
Herbert Hoover Al Smith
Herbert Hoover wins with 444 electoral votes
357 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 357.

Runner-up: Al Smith 87 EV

1924
Calvin Coolidge John W. Davis
Calvin Coolidge wins with 382 electoral votes
246 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 246.

Runner-up: John W. Davis 136 EV

1920
Warren G. Harding James M. Cox
Warren G. Harding wins with 404 electoral votes
277 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 277.

Runner-up: James M. Cox 127 EV

1916
Woodrow Wilson Charles Evan Hughes
Woodrow Wilson wins with 277 electoral votes
23 EV margin

266 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 23.

Runner-up: Charles Evan Hughes 254 EV

1912
Woodrow Wilson Theodore Roosevelt
Woodrow Wilson wins with 435 electoral votes
347 EV margin

Major third-party challenge split the Republican vote.

Runner-up: Theodore Roosevelt 88 EV

1908
William Howard Taft William Jennings Bryan
William Howard Taft wins with 321 electoral votes
159 EV margin

242 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 159.

Runner-up: William Jennings Bryan 162 EV

1904
Theodore Roosevelt Alton B. Parker
Theodore Roosevelt wins with 336 electoral votes
196 EV margin

239 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 196.

Runner-up: Alton B. Parker 140 EV

1900
William McKinley William Jennings Bryan
William McKinley wins with 292 electoral votes
137 EV margin

224 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 137.

Runner-up: William Jennings Bryan 155 EV

1896
William McKinley William Jennings Bryan
William McKinley wins with 271 electoral votes
95 EV margin

224 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 95.

Runner-up: William Jennings Bryan 176 EV

1892
Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison
Grover Cleveland wins with 277 electoral votes
132 EV margin

223 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 132.

Runner-up: Benjamin Harrison 145 EV

1888
Benjamin Harrison Grover Cleveland
Benjamin Harrison wins with 233 electoral votes
65 EV margin

201 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 65.

Runner-up: Grover Cleveland 168 EV

1884
Grover Cleveland James G. Blaine
Grover Cleveland wins with 219 electoral votes
37 EV margin

201 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 37.

Runner-up: James G. Blaine 182 EV

1880
James A. Garfield Winfield Scott Hancock
James A. Garfield wins with 214 electoral votes
59 EV margin

185 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 59.

Runner-up: Winfield Scott Hancock 155 EV

1876
Rutherford B. Hayes Samuel J. Tilden
Rutherford B. Hayes wins with 185 electoral votes
1 EV margin

Disputed election resolved through an electoral commission.

Runner-up: Samuel J. Tilden 184 EV

1872
Ulysses S. Grant Thomas Hendricks
Ulysses S. Grant wins with 300 electoral votes
258 EV margin

184 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 258.

Runner-up: Thomas Hendricks 42 EV

1868
Ulysses S. Grant Horatio Seymour
Ulysses S. Grant wins with 214 electoral votes
134 EV margin

148 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 134.

Runner-up: Horatio Seymour 80 EV

1864
Abraham Lincoln George B. McClellan
Abraham Lincoln wins with 229 electoral votes
208 EV margin

126 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 208.

Runner-up: George B. McClellan 21 EV

1860
Abraham Lincoln John C. Breckinridge
Abraham Lincoln wins with 180 electoral votes
108 EV margin

Lincoln victory during the sectional crisis before the Civil War.

Runner-up: John C. Breckinridge 72 EV

1856
James Buchanan John C. Frémont
James Buchanan wins with 174 electoral votes
60 EV margin

149 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 60.

Runner-up: John C. Frémont 114 EV

1852
Franklin Pierce Winfield Scott
Franklin Pierce wins with 254 electoral votes
212 EV margin

149 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 212.

Runner-up: Winfield Scott 42 EV

1848
Zachary Taylor Lewis Cass
Zachary Taylor wins with 163 electoral votes
36 EV margin

146 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 36.

Runner-up: Lewis Cass 127 EV

1844
James K. Polk Henry Clay
James K. Polk wins with 170 electoral votes
65 EV margin

138 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 65.

Runner-up: Henry Clay 105 EV

1840
William Henry Harrison Martin Van Buren
William Henry Harrison wins with 234 electoral votes
174 EV margin

148 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 174.

Runner-up: Martin Van Buren 60 EV

1836
Martin Van Buren William Henry Harrison
Martin Van Buren wins with 170 electoral votes
97 EV margin

148 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 97.

Runner-up: William Henry Harrison 73 EV

1832
Andrew Jackson Henry Clay
Andrew Jackson wins with 219 electoral votes
170 EV margin

144 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 170.

Runner-up: Henry Clay 49 EV

1828
Andrew Jackson John Quincy Adams
Andrew Jackson wins with 178 electoral votes
95 EV margin

131 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 95.

Runner-up: John Quincy Adams 83 EV

1824
Andrew Jackson John Quincy Adams
Andrew Jackson wins with 99 electoral votes
15 EV margin

Contingent election decided by the House after no candidate won an electoral majority.

Runner-up: John Quincy Adams 84 EV

1820
James Monroe
James Monroe wins with 232 electoral votes
232 EV margin

117 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 232.

1816
James Monroe Rufus King
James Monroe wins with 183 electoral votes
149 EV margin

109 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 149.

Runner-up: Rufus King 34 EV

1812
James Madison DeWitt Clinton
James Madison wins with 128 electoral votes
39 EV margin

109 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 39.

Runner-up: DeWitt Clinton 89 EV

1808
James Madison Charles C. Pinckney
James Madison wins with 122 electoral votes
75 EV margin

88 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 75.

Runner-up: Charles C. Pinckney 47 EV

1804
Thomas Jefferson Charles C. Pinckney
Thomas Jefferson wins with 162 electoral votes
148 EV margin

89 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 148.

Runner-up: Charles C. Pinckney 14 EV

1800
Thomas Jefferson John Adams
Thomas Jefferson wins with 73 electoral votes
8 EV margin

Contingent election after an Electoral College tie between Jefferson and Burr.

Runner-up: John Adams 65 EV

1796
John Adams Thomas Jefferson
John Adams wins with 71 electoral votes
3 EV margin

70 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 3.

Runner-up: Thomas Jefferson 68 EV

1792
George Washington
George Washington wins with 132 electoral votes
132 EV margin

67 electoral votes were needed; the top-two electoral margin was 132.

1788
George Washington
George Washington wins with 69 electoral votes
69 EV margin

First U.S. presidential election under the Constitution.